Use of highly specific, sensitive and quantitative Real-Time PCR (qRT-PCR) based methods greatly
facilitate the monitoring of experimental drug intervention and vaccination efficacy targeting liver stage
malaria parasite. Here, in this study we have used qRT-PCR to detect the growing liver stage parasites
following inoculation of Plasmodium yoelii sporozoite. Route of sporozoite administration and size of the
sporozoite inoculums are two major determinants that affect the liver stage parasite load and therefore
its detection and quantification. Thus, these factors need to be addressed to determine the accuracy of
detection and quantification of Real-Time PCR method. Furthermore, applicability of quantitative RT-PCR
system needs to be confirmed by analyzing the effect of different antimalarials on liver stage parasite
burden. We have observed that parasite burden in mice infected via intravenous route was higher
compared to that in subcutaneous, intradermal and intraperitoneal route infected mice. Moreover, this
method detected liver stage parasite load with as low as 50 sporozoites. The inhibition studies with
primaquine and atovaquone revealed inhibition of liver stage parasite and well correlated with patency
and course of blood stage infection. This study characterized the simplicity, accuracy, and quantitative
analysis of liver stage parasite development by real time PCR under different experimental conditions.
Use of real time PCR method greatly improves the reproducibility and applicability to estimate the efficacy
and potency of vaccine or drug candidates targeting liver stage parasite.
Use of highly specific, sensitive and quantitative Real-Time PCR (qRT-PCR) based methods greatlyfacilitate the monitoring of experimental drug intervention and vaccination efficacy targeting liver stagemalaria parasite. Here, in this study we have used qRT-PCR to detect the growing liver stage parasitesfollowing inoculation of Plasmodium yoelii sporozoite. Route of sporozoite administration and size of thesporozoite inoculums are two major determinants that affect the liver stage parasite load and thereforeits detection and quantification. Thus, these factors need to be addressed to determine the accuracy ofdetection and quantification of Real-Time PCR method. Furthermore, applicability of quantitative RT-PCRsystem needs to be confirmed by analyzing the effect of different antimalarials on liver stage parasiteburden. We have observed that parasite burden in mice infected via intravenous route was highercompared to that in subcutaneous, intradermal and intraperitoneal route infected mice. Moreover, thismethod detected liver stage parasite load with as low as 50 sporozoites. The inhibition studies withprimaquine and atovaquone revealed inhibition of liver stage parasite and well correlated with patencyand course of blood stage infection. This study characterized the simplicity, accuracy, and quantitativeanalysis of liver stage parasite development by real time PCR under different experimental conditions.Use of real time PCR method greatly improves the reproducibility and applicability to estimate the efficacyand potency of vaccine or drug candidates targeting liver stage parasite.
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