Research and Development
On 24 December, 1988, His Majesty graciously granted another initiative to treat polluted water by adding air which can be done by two methods as follows:
One method is to compress air into the main pipe and expel it through diffuser tubes. The other method is to use a waterwheel to lift the water and return it. This waterwheel rotates slowly by using a small electric motor, not exceeding 2 horsepower, or using power from waterflow. It was considered beneficial to construct models of the aerator and experiment with them at Phra Mongkutklao Hospital and Bavornives Vihara Temple.
In accordance with His Majesty the King’s Initiative, the Royal Irrigation Department conducted a study and invented a model of the Chaipattana Aerator by modification of the flotation waterwheel pump. This aerator was installed to treat polluted water at Phra Mongkutklao Hospital and Bavornives Vihara Temple in 1989 as a plan to carry out further study, research and development of waste treatment systems for about four to five years.
Water & Oxygen, dissolved Oxygen
Water is a habitat not only for fish, but also for a lot of bacteria and plants. Similar to organisms on land, oxygen is necessary for them to survive. Fish and crustaceans have gills to absorb the oxygen for respiration. They need a minimum of 4 mg O2 per liter of H2O to survive without damage.
The capability of water to dissolve oxygen is 9.1 mg/l @ 20 °C (maximum, lower at higher temperature). But this is only a theoretical value. The actual value is lower, because of other substances dissolved in water or because fish absorb the oxygen. On the other hand it is increased by introducing oxygen through various mechanism.
The amount of dissolved oxygen is therefore a balance between absorber and donator, temperature and other substances dissolved. If this balance is seriously disturbed, one would speak of waste water or « น้ำเสีย ».
Qualifications