G. Burns
Children with burn injuries can develop a variety of clotting factor abnormalities. These abnormalities depend in part upon the extent of the burn injury, the presence or absence of sepsis, and the volume of blood shed during reconstructive surgery. Early after massive burn injury there is both a consumptive coagulopathy and a microangiopathic hemolytic process (122, 123). Thus anemia, thrombocytopenia, and evidence of coagulopathy are common. After the initial 3-5 days following burn injury the typical anti-inflammatory response occurs and patients develop marked increases in fibrinogen, platelets, as well as a variety of clotting factors (122-124) Platelet counts over 1000 mm-3 and fibrinogen values over 2g-dl-1 may be observed. Despite these abnormalities it is rare for pediatric burn victim to suffer thrombotic event. Conversely with the onset of sepsis there may be a sudden fall in the platelet count. Excision of burn wounds can also involve rapid and massive blood loss; some of this blood loss may be reduced by using saline with dilute concentrations of epinephrine injected under both the donor and recipient sites (Clysis )(125). In addition, because the skin has been damaged it no longer provides the normal insulation to the body such that these patients are particularly prone to hypothermia. Thus, although uncomfortable, it is wise to use a very warm operating room 35*C. The administration of blood products should be guided by serial platelet counts and evaluation of the PT and PTT 66. In general, abnormal bleeding does not occur if the platelet count is maintained above 50000mm-3
กรัมไหม้Children with burn injuries can develop a variety of clotting factor abnormalities. These abnormalities depend in part upon the extent of the burn injury, the presence or absence of sepsis, and the volume of blood shed during reconstructive surgery. Early after massive burn injury there is both a consumptive coagulopathy and a microangiopathic hemolytic process (122, 123). Thus anemia, thrombocytopenia, and evidence of coagulopathy are common. After the initial 3-5 days following burn injury the typical anti-inflammatory response occurs and patients develop marked increases in fibrinogen, platelets, as well as a variety of clotting factors (122-124) Platelet counts over 1000 mm-3 and fibrinogen values over 2g-dl-1 may be observed. Despite these abnormalities it is rare for pediatric burn victim to suffer thrombotic event. Conversely with the onset of sepsis there may be a sudden fall in the platelet count. Excision of burn wounds can also involve rapid and massive blood loss; some of this blood loss may be reduced by using saline with dilute concentrations of epinephrine injected under both the donor and recipient sites (Clysis )(125). In addition, because the skin has been damaged it no longer provides the normal insulation to the body such that these patients are particularly prone to hypothermia. Thus, although uncomfortable, it is wise to use a very warm operating room 35*C. The administration of blood products should be guided by serial platelet counts and evaluation of the PT and PTT 66. In general, abnormal bleeding does not occur if the platelet count is maintained above 50000mm-3
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