Because their time is a scarce resource, this amount of time spent was an indicator of the value of information gained from reading journal articles. The amount of time spent reading electronic/ digital articles was nearly identical to that of paper-based articles (i.e. 52.2 vs. 51.4 min per article). Thus, this indicator of value was also the same for the two media sources. Other indicators of value of information include the observation that respondents whose most recent reading was from an electronic/digital article tended to be older and to publish more articles.