Resistant starch. The term “resistant starch” was first coined by
Englyst and others (1982) to describe a small fraction of starch
that was resistant to hydrolysis by exhaustive -amylase and pullulanase
treatment in vitro. RS is the starch not hydrolyzed after
120 min of incubation (Englyst and others 1992). However, because
starch reaching the large intestine may be more or less fermented
by the gut microflora, RS is now defined as that fraction of
dietary starch, which escapes digestion in the small intestine. It is
measured chemically as the difference between total starch (TS)
obtained from homogenized and chemically treated sample and
the sum of RDS and SDS, generated from non-homogenized food
samples by enzyme digestion.