Several approaches to housing, social
skills training, vocational services, money
management, and supervision have also
been recommended but not rigorously
tested. Another important area of investigation
is treatment for those patients
who do not respond to standard outpatient
approaches. Clinicians need to
know which patients should be offered
residential treatments, contingency
management (i.e., providing positive
consequences for desired behaviors and
withholding those consequences or
providing negative consequences for
undesired behaviors), adjunctive medications,
money management, or other
second-line interventions (i.e., interventions
for patients who do not respond to
standard treatment) (Drake et al. 2001).