The use of ultrasound technology results in emulsion formation with fine droplets between alcohol and oil due to cavitation
phenomenon and produces high-quality biodiesel immediately.
The intensification of mass transfer in heterogeneous systems,
improves reaction kinetics due to increased contact area
between the reactants (oil and alcohol), reduces reaction time
and therefore increases efficiency. The mechanism of this
improvement is related to physical and chemical effects of ultrasound on the reaction. The chemical effects in which radicals
such as H, OH, and HO2 are produced in aqueous solutions.
The physical effect of emulsification in which the micro turbulence generated due to radial motion of bubbles, creates an intimate mixing of the immiscible reactants