a b s t r a c t
In this study, we focused on the detection of Na in bakery products by using laser-induced breakdown
spectroscopy (LIBS) as a quick and simple method. LIBS experiments were performed to examine the
Na at 589 nm to quantify NaCl. A series of standard bread sample pellets containing various concentrations
of NaCl (0.025–3.5%) were used to construct the calibration curves and to determine the detection
limits of the measurements. Calibration graphs were drawn to indicate functions of NaCl and Na concentrations,
which showed good linearity in the range of 0.025–3.5% NaCl and 0.01–1.4% Na concentrations
with correlation coefficients (R2) values greater than 0.98 and 0.96. The obtained detection limits for NaCl
and Na were 175 and 69 ppm, respectively. Performed experimental studies showed that LIBS is a
convenient method for commercial bakery products to quantify NaCl concentrations as a rapid and in situ
technique.