others Like the professional bureaucracy adhocracy relies on trained and specialized experts to get the bulk of its work done But in its case the experts must work together to create new things instead of working apart to perfect established skills Hence for coordination adhocracy must rely extensively on mutual adjustment which it encourages by the use of the liaison devices integrating managers task forces and matrix structure 11 professional bureaucracy the experts are con centrated in the operating care where much of the power lics But in adhocraey they tend to be dis persed throughout the structure according to the de cisions they make in the operating core middle line technostructure strategic apex and especially support staff Thus whereas in each of the other configurations power is more or less concentrated in adhocracy it is distributed unevenlyl It flows not according to authority or status but to wherever the experts needed for a particular decision happen to be found Managers abound in the adhocracy functional managers project managers integrating managers This results in narrow spans of control by cone ventional measures That is not a reflection of con trol but of the small size of the project teams The managers of adhocracy do not control in the con ventional sense of direct supervision typically they are experts too who take their place alongside the others in the teams concerned especially with link ing the diflerent teams together