There are several ways to identify the bottlenecks in a system. One way is to
locate the resource where the WIP piles up. Salafatinos suggests using activity maps as a
better way. An activity map is, in fact, a flowchart of activities that portrays the vertical
relationships between activities in a department, horizontal connections between
activities and cycle times necessary to perform each activity [51]. An activity map
example showing the extra activities that are performed when an unexpected
consignment is delivered to a plant is provided in Appendix F.