With this review we try to give a comprehensive overview of the current methods used in research to assess
sperm quality. In addition, we identify some of the most important factors for enhancing sperm production
and quality, including, broodstock nutrition, epigenetics and sperm management (cryopreservation). Sperm
quality can be assessed by analyzing different parameters from simple methods to very sophisticated approaches
involving molecular tools. Parameters related with sperm composition or function (e.g. spermatozoa plasma
membrane lipids, seminal plasma composition, motility activation) have successfully characterized a sperm sample
but could not respond to the causes behind sperm defects. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are one of the
causes of the impairment of sperm traits. High contents of ROS are capable of producing cell apoptosis, DNA
strand breakages, mitochondria function impairment, and changes in membrane composition due to sugars,
lipids, and amino acid oxidation, affecting at later times sperm fertilization ability. Recently, the importance of
spermatozoa RNAs in the fertilization and early embryo development has been clearly demonstrated in different
species, including fish. Spermatozoa delivers more than the paternal genome into the oocyte, carrying also remnant
mRNA from spermatogenesis. These RNAs have been found in sperm from human, rodent, bovine, and recently
in several fish species, demonstrating the important predictive value of spermatozoa transcripts present
only in those samples with high motility or from males with higher reproductive performance. The content of
those transcripts can be changed during gametogenesis process influencing their content in spermatozoa.
We will focus this review on sperm quality markers, in new trends on sperm analysis, and in the use of these tools
for the identification of factors enhancing gamete quality. Basic research in this field is helping to develop appropriate
quality evaluation methodologies and early biomarkers of reproductive success, with potential future
industrial applications.
With this review we try to give a comprehensive overview of the current methods used in research to assess
sperm quality. In addition, we identify some of the most important factors for enhancing sperm production
and quality, including, broodstock nutrition, epigenetics and sperm management (cryopreservation). Sperm
quality can be assessed by analyzing different parameters from simple methods to very sophisticated approaches
involving molecular tools. Parameters related with sperm composition or function (e.g. spermatozoa plasma
membrane lipids, seminal plasma composition, motility activation) have successfully characterized a sperm sample
but could not respond to the causes behind sperm defects. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are one of the
causes of the impairment of sperm traits. High contents of ROS are capable of producing cell apoptosis, DNA
strand breakages, mitochondria function impairment, and changes in membrane composition due to sugars,
lipids, and amino acid oxidation, affecting at later times sperm fertilization ability. Recently, the importance of
spermatozoa RNAs in the fertilization and early embryo development has been clearly demonstrated in different
species, including fish. Spermatozoa delivers more than the paternal genome into the oocyte, carrying also remnant
mRNA from spermatogenesis. These RNAs have been found in sperm from human, rodent, bovine, and recently
in several fish species, demonstrating the important predictive value of spermatozoa transcripts present
only in those samples with high motility or from males with higher reproductive performance. The content of
those transcripts can be changed during gametogenesis process influencing their content in spermatozoa.
We will focus this review on sperm quality markers, in new trends on sperm analysis, and in the use of these tools
for the identification of factors enhancing gamete quality. Basic research in this field is helping to develop appropriate
quality evaluation methodologies and early biomarkers of reproductive success, with potential future
industrial applications.
การแปล กรุณารอสักครู่..

With this review we try to give a comprehensive overview of the current methods used in research to assess
sperm quality. In addition, we identify some of the most important factors for enhancing sperm production
and quality, including, broodstock nutrition, epigenetics and sperm management (cryopreservation). Sperm
quality can be assessed by analyzing different parameters from simple methods to very sophisticated approaches
involving molecular tools. Parameters related with sperm composition or function (e.g. spermatozoa plasma
membrane lipids, seminal plasma composition, motility activation) have successfully characterized a sperm sample
but could not respond to the causes behind sperm defects. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are one of the
causes of the impairment of sperm traits. High contents of ROS are capable of producing cell apoptosis, DNA
strand breakages, mitochondria function impairment, and changes in membrane composition due to sugars,
lipids, and amino acid oxidation, affecting at later times sperm fertilization ability. Recently, the importance of
spermatozoa RNAs in the fertilization and early embryo development has been clearly demonstrated in different
species, including fish. Spermatozoa delivers more than the paternal genome into the oocyte, carrying also remnant
mRNA from spermatogenesis. These RNAs have been found in sperm from human, rodent, bovine, and recently
in several fish species, demonstrating the important predictive value of spermatozoa transcripts present
only in those samples with high motility or from males with higher reproductive performance. The content of
those transcripts can be changed during gametogenesis process influencing their content in spermatozoa.
We will focus this review on sperm quality markers, in new trends on sperm analysis, and in the use of these tools
for the identification of factors enhancing gamete quality. Basic research in this field is helping to develop appropriate
quality evaluation methodologies and early biomarkers of reproductive success, with potential future
industrial applications.
การแปล กรุณารอสักครู่..
