There is a great variety of examples how individuals adapt through being a part of
communities. An impressive example could be a community of termites. As Howkins
(2010: 61) puts it “when a few (termites) gather together they are literally useless and
soon dye. But when thousands gather they make wonderful nests with air-conditioning
systems more efficient and ecologically sound than any human has yet achieved”.
Another great example is given by Leadbeater and Miller (2004: 10) with Linux, the
computer operating system. It started life in 1991, when Linus Torvalds, then a student,
“posted the source code for his new operating system on the internet and asked his fellow
software enthusiasts to make criticisms, propose improvements, take it away and
tamper with it . By 2004, about 20 million people around the world were using
a version of Linux. There were 430 user communities in more than 72 countries and
more than 120 000 registered Linux users, many of whom helped with its development”
(Leadbeater, Miller 2004: 10).
Howkins (2010: 61) calls these processes in examples “acting unconsciously as
one”. People, like animals, are not only adapting while belonging to communities, but
also can make exclusive achievements and create something surpassing separate individual’s
potential.
3. Collaboration: Howkins (2010: 64) defines the term collaboration in a creative ecology
as a relationship “when two or more organisms or species deliberately cohabit and share
for a specific, known benefit”. It is noteworthy that collaboration is learned and explicit and
the participants are conscious of the deal (Howkins 2010: 65). However, Howkins (2010:
65) claims there is something more interesting (and it seems, something more opposite):
“people born in the last twenty years are instinctively collaborative”.
There is a great variety of examples how individuals adapt through being a part ofcommunities. An impressive example could be a community of termites. As Howkins(2010: 61) puts it “when a few (termites) gather together they are literally useless andsoon dye. But when thousands gather they make wonderful nests with air-conditioningsystems more efficient and ecologically sound than any human has yet achieved”.Another great example is given by Leadbeater and Miller (2004: 10) with Linux, thecomputer operating system. It started life in 1991, when Linus Torvalds, then a student,“posted the source code for his new operating system on the internet and asked his fellowsoftware enthusiasts to make criticisms, propose improvements, take it away andtamper with it <…>. By 2004, about 20 million people around the world were usinga version of Linux. There were 430 user communities in more than 72 countries andmore than 120 000 registered Linux users, many of whom helped with its development”(Leadbeater, Miller 2004: 10).Howkins (2010: 61) calls these processes in examples “acting unconsciously asone”. People, like animals, are not only adapting while belonging to communities, butalso can make exclusive achievements and create something surpassing separate individual’spotential.3. Collaboration: Howkins (2010: 64) defines the term collaboration in a creative ecologyas a relationship “when two or more organisms or species deliberately cohabit and sharefor a specific, known benefit”. It is noteworthy that collaboration is learned and explicit andthe participants are conscious of the deal (Howkins 2010: 65). However, Howkins (2010:65) claims there is something more interesting (and it seems, something more opposite):“people born in the last twenty years are <…> instinctively collaborative”.
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