Incorporating sustainability into supply chain management has become a critical issue driven by pressures
from governments, customers, and various stakeholder groups over the past decade. This study
proposes a strategic decision-making model considering both the operational costs and social costs
caused by the carbon dioxide emissions from operating such a supply chain network for sustainable
supply chain management. This model was used to evaluate carbon dioxide emissions and operational
costs under different scenarios in an apparel manufacturing supply chain network. The results showed
that the higher the social cost rate of carbon dioxide emissions, the lower the amount of the emission of
carbon dioxide. The results also suggested that a legislation that forces the enterprises to bear the social
costs of carbon dioxide emissions resulting from their economic activities is an effective approach to
reducing carbon dioxide emissions.