It will be recalled that Lambert’s work in this area occurred toward the end of the century and that the actual discovery of non-Euclidean geometry by Lobachevsky, Janos Bolyai, and Gauss took place in the early nineteenth century. But the bulk of the mathematics of the eighteenth century found its genesis and its goal in the fields of mechanics and astronomy, and it was not until well into the nineteenth century that mathematical research generally emancipated itself from this viewpoint.