Age, sex, and racial distribution
The data we collected indicate that number of reported cases of dengue disease declined in children but was more stable in adults during the review period. Similar age distributions were reported for both males and females and in the Malay and Indian racial groups, with the highest proportion of dengue disease cases occurred in people aged 10–29 years [12], [16]. The number of deaths due to dengue disease in children (0–14 years) declined markedly up to 2007 as did the CFR (from 1•3% to 0•17%), while the number in adults (aged ≥15 years) increased slightly and the CFR changed little [3], [9].
National data published by the WHO for the period 2000–2008 demonstrated that there was a predominance of males with dengue disease (55–62%). This relationship was confirmed by the proportion of males with dengue disease in all years being significantly greater (p<0•001) than the proportion of males in the population (50•8% in 2000) [16]. The same pattern was reported in MoH data covering 2000–2011, with the proportion of males with reported dengue disease ranging from 54•7% to 61•5% [12].
Data reported for the period 2000–2011 among the different racial groups living in Malaysia demonstrated that the distribution of dengue disease by race broadly reflected the racial distribution of the country as a whole, except in the years 2003 and 2004 [12], [13].
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