Engineering properties of biomass are important for the design and
operation of processing facilities for handling, storage, transportation, and conversion
to fuels, heat, and power. These properties include bulk density, particle
density, particle size, color, moisture content, ash content, heating value, and flowability.
In this chapter, the characterization methods of these properties are
reviewed. In particular, the recent development of the characterization techniques
and progress in understanding these engineering properties of the biomass are
discussed. The heterogeneous nature of biomass requires standardized characterization
procedures and statistical models development to predict their physical
properties for engineering design and operation.