The rise of new ports was further stimulated by the
arrival of Europeans in search of spices and by the
Portuguese defeat of Melaka in 1511 which saw the
flight of Muslim trade to other centres.
• Pattani, on the east coast of the Malay peninsula, was a
strategic meeting point for Malay and Chinese vessels
• The loosening of ties between overlord and vassal was
equally apparent on Java's north coast, where a
number of harbours were well placed to benefit from
participation in the spice trade and the diversion of
Muslims from Melaka.
• Around 1527 that a coalition of these ports, led by
Demak, defeated Majapahit and established their own
independence