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Rolling Coin Problem
IntermediatePhysicsClassical-Physics2 answersclosed Posted about a year ago by Function Space Team
A coin idealised as a uniform disk of radius a with negligible thickness and mass m rolls in a circle. The center of mass of the coin C moves in a circle of radius b and the axis of the coin is tilted at an angle θ with respect to the vertical. Find the angular velocity Ω of the center of mass of the coin.
rollingcoinproblem
18.52
Luage Posted 11 months ago
NOTE. THIS IS GETTING EMBARRESING. THIRD ANSWER. I COULD REALLY USE A WAY TO EDIT MY ANSWERS.TIME TO POST A MORE THOROUGH ONE
First we want to evaluate the instantaneous angular momentum around an axis going out perpendicular of the center of coin. We notice that if there was no gravity the coin would just proceed in a straight line (and not roll in a circle) and therefore, even though it also in our case rotates around a vertical axis, it only has angular momentum as shown. Notice that the angular speed, since the coin is not slipping, must be the speed of a point on the edge of the coin dividen by the circumference of the coin times 2π.
img
Now we look at what forces are acting on the coin. A normal force upvards proportional to that of gravity will prevent it from sinking into the ground, and another force, acting towards the origin of the coordinate system, will keep the coin in 'orbit'. This second force til follow the equation:
acceleration=velocity2radius of orbit
A fundamental equation for circular motion. case, by muliplying with mass on both sides we get:
Fnc=m(Ωb)2b=mΩ2b
We project these forces perpendicular onto the coin and multiply with its radius to get the torque on the system.
img2
The last thing we need to notice is that in a full revolution the angular momentum has to change with a certain amount:
img3
The only way to change the angular momentum is by applying a torque. This allows us to write the equation:
τT=2πcos(θ)L
Where T is the time it takes to perform one revolution. With the above equalities, and the fact that T=2πΩ, we are now able to solve for Ω.:
Ω=2tan(θ)g3b+asin(θ)−−−−−−−−−−−√
1Marked as Insightful Link
284.02
Robert Posted 9 months ago
Let N be the normal reaction at the point of contact of the coin with the base. Let the friction be f directed toward the z axis. Let ϕ be the angular velocity of the coin about its center C in the direction already indicated in the given figure.
Assuming that the coin is rolling without slipping,
aϕ=(b+asinθ)Ω
From vertical and horizontal equilbrium we have :
N=mg
and
f=mΩ2b
. The angular velocity of the coin in a reference frame translating with the center of mass is
(Ω−ϕsinθ)k^−ϕcosθ[cos(Ωt)j^−sin(Ωt)i^]
where i^, j^ and k^ are unit vectores in x,y,z directions respectively. Thus the angular accerelation
α=ϕcosθ Ω[cos(Ωt)i^+sin(Ωt)j^]
. For simplicity of notation consider that at time t=0 we have
αt=0=ϕcosθ Ω i^
Note that this angular acceleration vector lies in the plane of the of the coin. Thus the relevant moment of inertia is
Ix=ma24
. The torque of the forces N and f about the center of mass of the coin is given by
τ=(mgasinθ−mΩ2bacosθ)i^
. Therefore from rotational equilibrium we have :
τ=Ixαt=0
Thus
mgasinθ−mΩ2bacosθ=ma24ϕcosθ Ω
We now use the relationship between ϕ and Ω in the above equation. Thus
mgasinθ−mΩ2bacosθ=ma(b+asinθ)4cosθ Ω2
Thus
Ω=4gtanθ5b+asinθ−−−−−−−−−−√
2Marked as Insightful Link
Function Space Team
34.05
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f(x)Function Space
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Share2
Rolling Coin Problem
IntermediatePhysicsClassical-Physics2 answersclosed Posted about a year ago by Function Space Team
A coin idealised as a uniform disk of radius a with negligible thickness and mass m rolls in a circle. The center of mass of the coin C moves in a circle of radius b and the axis of the coin is tilted at an angle θ with respect to the vertical. Find the angular velocity Ω of the center of mass of the coin.
rollingcoinproblem
18.52
Luage Posted 11 months ago
NOTE. THIS IS GETTING EMBARRESING. THIRD ANSWER. I COULD REALLY USE A WAY TO EDIT MY ANSWERS.TIME TO POST A MORE THOROUGH ONE
First we want to evaluate the instantaneous angular momentum around an axis going out perpendicular of the center of coin. We notice that if there was no gravity the coin would just proceed in a straight line (and not roll in a circle) and therefore, even though it also in our case rotates around a vertical axis, it only has angular momentum as shown. Notice that the angular speed, since the coin is not slipping, must be the speed of a point on the edge of the coin dividen by the circumference of the coin times 2π.
img
Now we look at what forces are acting on the coin. A normal force upvards proportional to that of gravity will prevent it from sinking into the ground, and another force, acting towards the origin of the coordinate system, will keep the coin in 'orbit'. This second force til follow the equation:
acceleration=velocity2radius of orbit
A fundamental equation for circular motion. case, by muliplying with mass on both sides we get:
Fnc=m(Ωb)2b=mΩ2b
We project these forces perpendicular onto the coin and multiply with its radius to get the torque on the system.
img2
The last thing we need to notice is that in a full revolution the angular momentum has to change with a certain amount:
img3
The only way to change the angular momentum is by applying a torque. This allows us to write the equation:
τT=2πcos(θ)L
Where T is the time it takes to perform one revolution. With the above equalities, and the fact that T=2πΩ, we are now able to solve for Ω.:
Ω=2tan(θ)g3b+asin(θ)−−−−−−−−−−−√
1Marked as Insightful Link
284.02
Robert Posted 9 months ago
Let N be the normal reaction at the point of contact of the coin with the base. Let the friction be f directed toward the z axis. Let ϕ be the angular velocity of the coin about its center C in the direction already indicated in the given figure.
Assuming that the coin is rolling without slipping,
aϕ=(b+asinθ)Ω
From vertical and horizontal equilbrium we have :
N=mg
and
f=mΩ2b
. The angular velocity of the coin in a reference frame translating with the center of mass is
(Ω−ϕsinθ)k^−ϕcosθ[cos(Ωt)j^−sin(Ωt)i^]
where i^, j^ and k^ are unit vectores in x,y,z directions respectively. Thus the angular accerelation
α=ϕcosθ Ω[cos(Ωt)i^+sin(Ωt)j^]
. For simplicity of notation consider that at time t=0 we have
αt=0=ϕcosθ Ω i^
Note that this angular acceleration vector lies in the plane of the of the coin. Thus the relevant moment of inertia is
Ix=ma24
. The torque of the forces N and f about the center of mass of the coin is given by
τ=(mgasinθ−mΩ2bacosθ)i^
. Therefore from rotational equilibrium we have :
τ=Ixαt=0
Thus
mgasinθ−mΩ2bacosθ=ma24ϕcosθ Ω
We now use the relationship between ϕ and Ω in the above equation. Thus
mgasinθ−mΩ2bacosθ=ma(b+asinθ)4cosθ Ω2
Thus
Ω=4gtanθ5b+asinθ−−−−−−−−−−√
2Marked as Insightful Link
Function Space Team
34.05
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