multiplication of superior genotypes, allowing the
exploitation of maximum genetic gain in the breeding
programs. When compared to other methods of in vitro
propagation, somatic embryogenesis offers several
advantages (Jain 1999), cryopreservation, selection of
clones that have been genetically modified, as well as
propagation of elite plants (Aitken-Christie 2001).
Indirect somatic embryogenesis is a multistep
regeneration process starting with the formation of
proembryogenic cell masses, followed by somatic
embryo formation, maturation, desiccation and plant
regeneration (Von Arnold and Eriksson 1981).