Second, and probably more important, Waldo argued that administrative scholarship was itself driven by a particular philosophy of politics. A good portion of The Administrative State is devoted to examining the scholarly public administration literature through the lens of five key issues in political philosophy: (1) the nature of the Good Life, or a vision of what the “good society” should look like; (2) the criteria of action, or the procedures for determining how collective decisions should be made; (3) the question of who should rule; (4) the question of how the powers of the state should be divided and apportioned; and (5) the question of centralization versus decentralization, or the relative merits of a unitary state versus a federal system.