Tension pneumothorax caused by blunt or penetrating
trauma can lead to cardiovascular collapse and
death. Di Bartolomeo et al.1 described an incidence of
81 pneumothoraxes per million per year. Most of these are caused by motor vehicle collisions. If pneumothoraxes
are left untreated, an unknown percentage can
progress to tension physiology requiring prehospital
personnel to perform needle thoracostomy. Although
this procedure is taught in the United States to emergency
medical technicians (EMTs)2 and physicians, the
true efficacy of this “simple” procedure is unknown.
In addition, needle decompression is not without risk.3
Complications include major vascular injury, cardiac
tamponade, and the creation of a pneumothorax in an
incorrectly assessed patient.4 A case report from Butler
et al.5 discussed a case of cardiac tamponade secondary
to a pulmonary artery laceration after needle decompression
with a long angiocatheter. Without the aid of
x-ray, in-the-field needle thoracostomy is dependent on
accurate physical examination skills alone.
Over the years, the utility and success of this procedure
have been questioned.6−8 Eckstein and Suyehara9
prospectively demonstrated that only 5% of in-the-field
needle decompression resulted in improvement in vital
signs. To be successful, the length of the needle must
be greater than the depth of the chest wall to penetrate
the pleural cavity and relieve the tension pneumothorax.
Advanced Trauma Life Support guidelines10
recommend a 2-inch (5-cm) needle catheter for needle
decompression. The needle is placed in the anterior
chest wall at the second intercostal space, midclavicular
line. However, the standard length of the commercially
available needle angiocatheter used by hospitals
and ambulances throughout the United States is 4.4 cm
(Fig. 1).
The purpose of our study was to address the following:
would the commonly available angiocatheter for
decompression of a suspected tension pneumothorax
access the pleural cavity as predicted by chest computed
tomography (CT)? A retrospective chart review
from a high-volume, level I trauma center was conducted
to predict success of in-the-field needle thoracostomy
decompression of suspected pneumothorax as
determined by evaluation of chest CT.
Tension pneumothorax caused by blunt or penetratingtrauma can lead to cardiovascular collapse anddeath. Di Bartolomeo et al.1 described an incidence of81 pneumothoraxes per million per year. Most of these are caused by motor vehicle collisions. If pneumothoraxesare left untreated, an unknown percentage canprogress to tension physiology requiring prehospitalpersonnel to perform needle thoracostomy. Althoughthis procedure is taught in the United States to emergencymedical technicians (EMTs)2 and physicians, thetrue efficacy of this “simple” procedure is unknown.In addition, needle decompression is not without risk.3Complications include major vascular injury, cardiactamponade, and the creation of a pneumothorax in anincorrectly assessed patient.4 A case report from Butleret al.5 discussed a case of cardiac tamponade secondaryto a pulmonary artery laceration after needle decompressionwith a long angiocatheter. Without the aid ofx-ray, in-the-field needle thoracostomy is dependent onaccurate physical examination skills alone.Over the years, the utility and success of this procedurehave been questioned.6−8 Eckstein and Suyehara9prospectively demonstrated that only 5% of in-the-fieldneedle decompression resulted in improvement in vitalsigns. To be successful, the length of the needle mustbe greater than the depth of the chest wall to penetratethe pleural cavity and relieve the tension pneumothorax.Guidelines10 บาดเจ็บช่วยชีวิตขั้นสูงแนะนำการพัฒนาโปรแกรมฐานข้อมูล 2 นิ้ว (5 ซม.) เข็มสำหรับเข็มอัด เข็มถูกวางไว้ในแอนทีเรียร์ผนังหน้าอกที่สอง intercostal พื้นที่ midclavicularบรรทัด อย่างไรก็ตาม ความยาวมาตรฐานของการในเชิงพาณิชย์angiocatheter มีเข็มที่ใช้ตามโรงพยาบาลและพยาบาลทั่วสหรัฐอเมริกา 4.4 ซม.(Fig. 1)วัตถุประสงค์ของเราคือเพื่อ แก้ไขต่อไปนี้:จะ angiocatheter โดยทั่วไปใช้สำหรับอัดของ pneumothorax แรงสงสัยเข้าโพรง pleural เป็นคาดการณ์ โดยคำนวณจากหน้าอกเครื่องเอ็กซเรย์คอมพิวเตอร์ (CT) หรือไม่ ทบทวนแผนภูมิคาดจากสูงระดับเสียง ระดับฉันบาดเจ็บศูนย์ได้ดำเนินการเพื่อทำนายความสำเร็จของ thoracostomy ในฟิลด์เข็มอัดของ pneumothorax สงสัยเป็นกำหนด โดยการประเมินของอกกะรัต
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