. Meat samples weighing 500 ± 20 mg were placed on filter paper between two acrylic plates, and a 10 kg weight was placed on top of the plates for 5 min. The results are expressed as percentages compared to the initial weight, as follows: WHC = 100 − ((IW − FW) / IW × 100), where WHC is the water-holding capacity, IW is the initial weight and FW is the final weight.