Several different designs have been used to test sensitivity to scope. The designs
are psychologically different, but the normative pattern defined by the add-up test
Diamond, 1996. is unlikely to be satisfied in any of them. Sensitivity to scope has
been examined in two designs other than the quantity design that was discussed in
previous sections. i. In the explicit list design, respondents in different groups
value nested lists of heterogeneous goods. For example, one group may assess the
value of saving both the birds and the fish in a region, while other groups value the
birds or the fish in isolation. ii. In the embedding design, SWTP for a good e.g.,
saving dolphins. is obtained in two ways: a. by a direct question b. by a sequence
of questions, first eliciting SWTP for an inclusive good, then the fraction of that
amount that should be allocated to a specified good e.g., SWTP for saving marine
mammals, then an allocation to dolphins..