2. Materials and methods2.1. Plant materialsFresh leaves of S. surattensis were collected from Tiruchirappalli(Tamil Nadu, India) in December 2006 and authenticated by the Botanical Survey of India (Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India; Ref. No.: BSI/SC/5/23/06-07/Tech-1638). An authentic voucher specimen was deposited in the Herbarium of Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India. 2.2. Preparation of plant extract The collected leaves were air dried at room temperature without exposure to sunlight, coarsely powdered (300 g), and then extracted with ethanol (95%) in a Soxhlet apparatus. The solvent was then evaporated under reduced pressure in a rotary evaporator (Superfit, India) at <40_C to obtain a dry extract (yield 24.25% w/w) that was stored at e20_C in a refrigerator until further use. 2.3. Preliminary phytochemical analysis The EESS was subjected to preliminary phytochemical analysis to detect the composition of the phytoconstituentusing standard chemical tests [22]. 2.4. Estimation of total phenol contentThe total phenolic content of EESS was determined using FolineCiocalteu reagent [23]. In brief, the analysis is carried out as follows: 1 mL of extract solution containing 1 mg of extract was transferred into 100-mL Erlenmeyerflask and then the final volume was adjusted to 46 mL by adding distilled water. To this mixture, 1 mL of FolineCiocalteu reagent was added and after 3 minutes, 3 mL of Na2CO3 (2%) was also added. Subsequently, the mixture was shaken on a shaker for 2 hours at room temperature and then its absorbance was measured at760 nm. The concentration of the total phenolic content was expressed as micrograms of pyrocatechol using an
equation that was obtained from standard pyrocatechol graph. The equation used is as follows: Absorbance Z 0.001 _ Pyrocatechol (mg) 0.0033.
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