3.2.5. Statistical Analysis
In the analysis of data obtained from administering efficacy scales,
overall strength-of-efficacy scores are calculated for each participant on each
scale (see, for example Lent et al., 1986). First-year participants rated five A-E
and three EM-E items from not at all true (1) to very true (5). Second-year CHE
205 students rated the same A-E and EM-E items on the similar scale: not at all
true (1) to very true (3). Overall strength of A-E scores were calculated for each
participant by summing their responses to all A-E items and dividing the total by
five, the number of A-E items. Strength of EM-E scores were calculated in a
parallel manner.