Comparison of Aim and Structure
The Malaysian curriculum documents included a set of syllabus for each level: primary, secondary and
Form 6. There documents listed the overall aims and objectives and a list of content topics for each level.
In addition, for each grade level, there was another document called “curriculum specification” that
spelled out the National Philosophy of Education, aims and objectives, content organization, emphasis in
teaching and learning, approaches in teaching and learning, and the assessment suggested for that level.
The Malaysian syllabus stressed five major “emphasis in teaching and learning” as: problem solving in
mathematics, communication in mathematics, mathematical reasoning, mathematical connections, and
application of technology.