The erosion characteristics, such as sheetwash, rilling,
and gullying, were evaluated by observation of the terraces.
Fifty-four samples of surface soil (0.01–0.06 m deep) were
taken from the terraces and the physical properties such as
particle size distribution, dry density, and saturated permeability,
and the chemical properties such as nitrogen,
phosphorus, and organic matter content were analysed.
Management practices relating to maintaining the bench
terraces were also investigated.