Background: A large proportion of adults fail to meet public health guidelines for physical activity
as well as fruit, vegetable and fat intake. Interventions are needed to improve these health
behaviors. Both computer tailoring and motivational interviewing have shown themselves to be
promising techniques for health behavior change. The Vitalum project aims to compare the efficacy
of these techniques in improving the health behaviors of adults aged 45–70. This paper describes
the design of the Vitalum study.
Methods/Design: Dutch general medical practices (N = 23) were recruited via a registration
network or by personal invitation. The participants were then enrolled through these general
practices using an invitational letter. They (n = 2,881) received a written baseline questionnaire to
assess health behaviors, and potential psychosocial and socio-demographic behavioral
determinants. A power analysis indicated that 1,600 participants who were failing to meet the
guidelines for physical activity and either fruit or vegetable consumption were needed. Eligible
participants were stratified based on hypertension status and randomized into one of four
intervention groups: tailored print communication, telephone motivational interviewing, combined,
and control. The first two groups either received four letters or took part in four interviews,
whereas the combined group received two letters and took part in two interviews in turns at 5,
Background: A large proportion of adults fail to meet public health guidelines for physical activity
as well as fruit, vegetable and fat intake. Interventions are needed to improve these health
behaviors. Both computer tailoring and motivational interviewing have shown themselves to be
promising techniques for health behavior change. The Vitalum project aims to compare the efficacy
of these techniques in improving the health behaviors of adults aged 45–70. This paper describes
the design of the Vitalum study.
Methods/Design: Dutch general medical practices (N = 23) were recruited via a registration
network or by personal invitation. The participants were then enrolled through these general
practices using an invitational letter. They (n = 2,881) received a written baseline questionnaire to
assess health behaviors, and potential psychosocial and socio-demographic behavioral
determinants. A power analysis indicated that 1,600 participants who were failing to meet the
guidelines for physical activity and either fruit or vegetable consumption were needed. Eligible
participants were stratified based on hypertension status and randomized into one of four
intervention groups: tailored print communication, telephone motivational interviewing, combined,
and control. The first two groups either received four letters or took part in four interviews,
whereas the combined group received two letters and took part in two interviews in turns at 5,
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