Herbal medicines are valuable and available resources of primary
health care for thousands year in the traditional medicine
including the Thai folk medicine. Generally, the bioactive compounds
in herbal medicines are secondary metabolites which act as
various pharmacological properties.1e3 They are used as the substances
of modern drugs e.g. morphine from Papaver somniferum
for pain treatment,4,5 colchicine from Colchicum autumnale for
treatment in pericardial disease.6 Some studies have reported
antibacterial activity from various herbs7e9; however, sufficient
evidence to support their active compounds and their effectiveness
for antibacteria and antibiofilm, particularly on oral pathogens is
limited.