The SARA is an important digestive disorder of high-producing
cattle that results in major changes in the rumen ecosystem, disrupting
the symbiosis among rumen microbial communities and
the epithelial tissues of the host’s GI tract. During SARA, potentially
pathogenic GNB with virulence genes may take advantage over
commensal bacteria, a process that may lead to the release of unusual
chemical compounds in the rumen. One of this compounds
that has attracted major attention recently is endotoxin, which is
a bioactive cell-wall component of all GNB. On the other hand,
SARA is associated with major changes in the rumen epithelium
that include greater cellular structural proliferation and differentiation
processes as well as changes in the desmosomal proteins and
cellular junctions.