More so than at any previous time, there is a heightened awareness of the amount of plastic in the
environment, it’s spread to even remote localities and the multiple influences of this on organisms. In the
austral summer of 2007/08 Greenpeace and British Antarctic Survey ships (MV Esperanza and RRS James
Clark Ross respectively) conducted the first co-ordinated joint marine debris survey of the planet’s most
remote seas around East and West Antarctica to reveal floating macroplastics. With observations also
made from the ice patrol vessel HMS Endurance in the same season and seabed samples collected from
the RRS James Clark Ross, this was the widest survey for plastics ever undertaken around Antarctica.
Main features: The 2008 visit of RRS James Clark Ross to the Amundsen Sea breached two last frontiers;
the last and most remote sea from which biological samples and plastic debris have been reported. A
plastic cup and two fishing buoys were seen in the Durmont D’Urville and Davis seas while two pieces of
plastic packaging and a fishing buoy were observed in the Amundsen Sea. Agassiz trawls revealed rich
biodiversity on the Amundsen (and south Bellingshausen) seabed but no sunken plastic pieces. We found
no microplastics in five epibenthic sledge samples (300 mm mesh) from the Amundsen seabed. The
seabeds immediately surrounding continental Antarctica are probably the last environments on the
planet yet to be reached by plastics, but with pieces floating into the surface of the Amundsen Sea this
seems likely to change soon. Our knowledge now touches every sea but so does our legacy of lost and
discarded plastic.