This chapter focused on some examples of Organization Development interventions designed with a primary focus on the whole organization, recognizing that all Organization Development interventions affect the whole organization in some way. Culture change, while one of the most difficult of outcomes to realize is really what most of ODปรึกษาพัฒนาองค์กร is about. Thus, by addressing the behaviors and norms above the water of Schein’s cultural iceberg, Organization Development professionals can hope to influence the organizational culture.
Similar comments can be made about several of the targets of the intervention included in this chapter. Valuing diversity, for example, is influenced by deeply held assumptions; by addressing behaviors, we hope to influence culture. Thinking in strategic ways is driven by one’s beliefs and values, yet some form of strategic plan is needed to provide direction to the organization, values are incorporated into mission and vision statements. The design of accountability and reward systems almost always contradicts research, yet how organizations out these areas in place often reflects the values of the organizational leadership. Similar observations can be made for most of the interventions contained in this chapter. As suggested, creating culture change is a complex process.