The studies of Faerch and Kasper (1983a, 1984)
looked closely at EFL learners’ corpus data and
categorized CSs into two types: Achievement strategies
and reduction strategies. The former enables
learners to work on an alternative plan for reaching
the original goal by means of whatever resources
are available. The latter lets learners avoid
solving a communication problem and allows
them to give up on conveying the original message.