was reported immediately after processing at 4 ◦C by means of a heat exchanger placed downstream of the homogenizing valve.
The 4 different nanoemulsion formulations tested were all characterized by similar lipid phase composition (2% antimicrobial compound and 8% sunflower oil) and different emulsifier composition and fraction. In particular, nanoemulsions based on (a) 3% lecithin, (b) 3% pea proteins, (c) 1% sucrester and (d) the combination of 0.5% glycerol monooleate and 0.5% Tween 20 were prepared.