However, hate speech cannot always be kept within national border, and the internet has made the issue more complicated. First, people all over the world can read material on the Internet; it does not matter if the Web site is in the United States, Japan, or other country. It is not clear which country’s laws these Web sites must follow. Second, the Internet allows people to hear speech that, in the past, they would never have heard. One example comes from South Africa. A young black leader there sang a song about freedom for the black population in that country. Unfortunately, filmed the performance and put the video on YouTube. The video frightened white people in South Africa. The young man said he did not intend the public to hear it, but he was charged with hate speech and brought to trial anyway.