Unlike conventional batteries, electrolytes are stored in separated storage tanks, not in the power cell of the battery
During operation these electrolytes are pumped through a stack of power cells, in which an electrochemical reaction takes place and electricity is produced
Other key features of the VRFB are that:
Since vanadium can exist in four different states, only a single element used (rather than two or more, as in zinc-bromine batteries)
The battery is simple, nontoxic and avoids cross-contamination