Conclusions
The substitution of BPF for CWF improved the nutritional characteristics of the BCtr (ash and crude fibre). Physical analyses indicated that the substitution of BPF for wheat flour reduced the quality of the end-use products. However, the addition of the CMC to the bread improved the loaf volume, density and height. These improvements were not observed in bread with the addition of XG. In addition, breads containing BPF resulted in a darker crumb appearance and lighter crust colour than the control bread. Chemical analyses, revealed that the partial substitution of BPF at 10% in the bread formulation increased the total phenolics content and the FRAP and DPPH values in the composite breads compared with the control. Breads containing BPF had greater soluble, insoluble and total dietary fibre contents than the control bread. Furthermore, the BPF-incorporated bread and the breads with the addition of hydrocolloids did not alter the acceptability ratings by the panellists. However, bread supplemented with CMC had the greatest acceptability ratings by the panellists.