A typical receiver chain for a 11.7-12.2 GHz satellite system is shown above. We have an LNA (low
noise amplifier), a filter, followed by a mixer/oscillator which translates ±the frequency to 1.2-1.7 GHz, and then in IF (intermediate frequency) amplifier, an IF filter, followed by yet another mixer/oscillator at 1.2-1.7 GHz to bring us to the baseband.