1. Introduction
The utilization of fossil fuels has been practice for many years as a source of energy, this utilization produce greenhouse gases such as CO2, SO2, NOx and other pollutants which increase global warming and acid rain.
The fossil fuel resources are depleting while the consumption is increasing.
This environmental effects and fossil depletion necessitates the effort in invention of alternative source of clean and renewable energy.
Fossil fuel is coming from buried underground biomass deposits contains carbon which was locked for about 200 million years ago from the atmosphere.
When combustion of fossil fuels occur the carbon react with oxygen to form CO2 and releases to the atmosphere.
The global concentration of CO2 by May 2014 was 401.88 ppm.
This is higher than the upper safety limit for atmospheric CO2 which is 350 ppm.
The CO2 released from combustion of fossil fuels add up to the CO2 concentration of atmosphere.
The CO2 in the atmosphere infuse heat radiating from the surface that would leak into space and radiate it back to the surface, thus raising the global surface temperature.