and consumer price discounting. Concentrate producers usually assume responsibility for developing national consumer advertising and promotion programs,
product development and planning,
and marketing research. Bottlers usually take the lead in developing local trade promotion to retail outlets and local consumer promotions
Bottlers are also responsible for selling and servicing retail accounts,
including the placement and maintenance of instore displays and the restocking of retailer shelves and vending machines with their brand.
The different marketing roles assumed by concentrate producers and bottlers are apparent in their comparative income statements. As shown in exhibit 2,
concentrate producers spend about 39 cents of every sales dollar on advertising and promotion.
Bottlers spend about 28 cents of every sales dollar on selling and delivery expenses.