INTRODUCTION
Histology is the study of tissue structure, extending from the level of the individual
cell, through organs to organ systems. Histology is obviously related to Cell Biology
(Cytology) and to Anatomy; it also forms the structural basis for understanding
Function (Physiology) and is the preparation for the study of abnormal structure and
function (Pathology). Pathophysiological (clinical) examples will be used to illustrate
aspects of functions and their significance.
The principal aim of the course is to provide a knowledge of tissue structure which is
sufficient for the understanding of Physiology.
Tissues may be regarded as aggregations of cells (of one, or more usually, several
types) which serve a particular function or set of functions.
From this definition it will be seen that the concepts of structure and function are
essential to the study of Histology
Particular skills which will be emphasised are:
a) Classification of tissues — essentially a verbal skill. Consequently it is
important to pay close attention to the way tissues are described. This
means concentrating on the precise and correct use of language — an
essential skill in sciences, and the health-care professions.
b) Recognition of specific features and the application of the criteria of
classification — observational and reasoning skills.
c) Most importantly, the relationship between structure and function. This
means bringing together knowledge from different fields (e.g. Anatomy,
Biochemistry and Physiology) — synthetic and deductive skills.
Assumed background knowledge
a) Basic cell structure, including electron microscopy and cell organelles.
b) Methods of tissue preparation: fixing, sectioning and staining.
Both of these topics should be rapidly revised by reading the first one or two chapters
of almost any Histology textbook (see page 2 ff for notes on recommended
textbooks).
It is important to know how the method of preparation affects the tissue. In particular,
the effects of making a virtually two-dimensional section of a three-dimensional
structure must always be taken into account. The functional state of the tissue should
also be taken into account: a histological preparation is a static representation of a
dynamic process.
Biology
Students who have not previously studied Biology should make a
special effort to get a basic grounding from a Leaving Certificate or JF
Biology text as soon as possible. The key areas are cell structure and
function and the basic functions of the organs of the body. The JF
Biology text is Biology by Campbell, NA & Reece, JB. There are multiple
copies of the 6th edition (2002) in the Hamilton reserve collection (shelf
mark 574 M84*5;35).
INTRODUCTIONHistology is the study of tissue structure, extending from the level of the individualcell, through organs to organ systems. Histology is obviously related to Cell Biology(Cytology) and to Anatomy; it also forms the structural basis for understandingFunction (Physiology) and is the preparation for the study of abnormal structure andfunction (Pathology). Pathophysiological (clinical) examples will be used to illustrateaspects of functions and their significance.The principal aim of the course is to provide a knowledge of tissue structure which issufficient for the understanding of Physiology.Tissues may be regarded as aggregations of cells (of one, or more usually, severaltypes) which serve a particular function or set of functions.From this definition it will be seen that the concepts of structure and function areessential to the study of HistologyParticular skills which will be emphasised are:a) Classification of tissues — essentially a verbal skill. Consequently it isimportant to pay close attention to the way tissues are described. Thismeans concentrating on the precise and correct use of language — anessential skill in sciences, and the health-care professions.b) Recognition of specific features and the application of the criteria ofclassification — observational and reasoning skills.c) Most importantly, the relationship between structure and function. Thismeans bringing together knowledge from different fields (e.g. Anatomy,Biochemistry and Physiology) — synthetic and deductive skills.Assumed background knowledgea) Basic cell structure, including electron microscopy and cell organelles.b) Methods of tissue preparation: fixing, sectioning and staining.Both of these topics should be rapidly revised by reading the first one or two chaptersof almost any Histology textbook (see page 2 ff for notes on recommendedtextbooks).It is important to know how the method of preparation affects the tissue. In particular,the effects of making a virtually two-dimensional section of a three-dimensionalstructure must always be taken into account. The functional state of the tissue shouldalso be taken into account: a histological preparation is a static representation of adynamic process.BiologyStudents who have not previously studied Biology should make aspecial effort to get a basic grounding from a Leaving Certificate or JFBiology text as soon as possible. The key areas are cell structure andfunction and the basic functions of the organs of the body. The JFBiology text is Biology by Campbell, NA & Reece, JB. There are multiplecopies of the 6th edition (2002) in the Hamilton reserve collection (shelfmark 574 M84*5;35).
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