Psychoanalytical Approaches to Treatment
Although psychoanalysts make use of different listening perspectives from drive, ego, object relations, self psychology, and/or relational psychology, they tend Ur uSe similar approaches to treatment. In their goals for therapy, they stress the value of insights into unconscious motivations. In their use of tests and in their listening to patients' dreams or other material, they concentrate on understanding unconscious material. Depending on whether they do psychoanalysis or psychoanalytic therapy, their stance of neutrality and/or empathy toward the patient may vary. However, both treatments deal with the resistance of the patient in understanding unconscious material. Each of these issues is discussed more extensively later in this chapter, as are therapeutic approaches.