Some US courts have granted provisional relief in international arbitration cases both before and after ordering parties to arbitrate. Other courts have taken the position that when parties have elected international arbitration, the New York Convention deprives the courts of jurisdiction to grant provisional remedies and the courts’ only option is to order the parties to arbitrate. In some federal circuits, this problem may be eliminated when parties agree to arbitration rules that specifically authorize the parties to seek preliminary injunctive relief from a national court or provide for such relief in the arbitration agreement. Although the issue is still unsettled and the outcome may vary among the federal circuits, the trend is for US federal courts to order provisional remedies where such remedies are warranted. The US Supreme Court has not yet ruled on the issue.