To identify the chemical species of the residues remaining at
the decal substrates after hot-pressing, energy dispersive Xray
spectroscopy (EDX) was conducted using small pieces that
were obtained from the middle of the Kapton films as samples.
The surface and cross-sectional morphologies of the
anodes and cathodes were observed by scanning electron
microscopy (SEM). In order to prepare the samples for SEM
imaging, used MEAs were placed in liquid N2 for about 10 min,
and then were broken into small pieces. A field emission
scanning electron microscope (FESEM, XL-30 FEG-ESEM, EFI
Co.) was used for both EDX and SEM analysis.