Areas of chronic illness have addressed QOL issues
as well. Diabetes researchers, Garratt et al.
(2002a) and Hart et al. (2003) agree with the
components of social, psychological well-being
and physical factors. In her cardiac rehabilitation
work, Berra (2003) identifies QOL components as
physical, emotional status, intellectual, economic,
social, self-perceived health status, and
work-related factors. Shephard and Franklin
(2001) also study cardiovascular patients and they
view the domains as personal perceptions, coping
mechanisms, and environmental constraints. Mackenzie
and Chang (2002) conclude that physical
and psychosocial aspects are important components
of QOL for patients who have had strokes.
Classic work by Ferrans and Powers (1992) addresses
the needs of dialysis patients and the
importance of satisfaction with health andfunctioning,
socioeconomic, psychological/spiritual,
and family needs.