นามธรรมการศึกษาระบาดวิทยาได้แสดงให้เห็นความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างมลพิษทางอากาศและการเปลี่ยนแปลงในอัตราการเต้นหัวใจแปรปรวน(HRV) a b s t r a c t
Epidemiological studies have shown associations between ambient air pollution and changes in heart rate
variability (HRV). However, studies using personal air pollution measurements, especially with exposure
averages <24 h, are still rare.
Between February and March 2008 HRVdata as well as personal exposure to particulate matter <2.5 m
(PM2.5), and particle number concentrations (PNC) were collected in five volunteers for up to 8.3 h on
a 5 min resolution. Information about the participant’s whereabouts was also collected. Mixed models
were used to analyze concurrent and up to 30 min delayed effects of air pollutants as well as being in
traffic on 5 min-averages of heart rate (HR), high and low frequency power (HF and LF), standard deviation
of all normal-to-normal intervals (SDNN), and the root mean square of successive interval differences
(RMSSD). Results are presented as %-change from the mean per increase in interquartile range of air
pollutant.
In total, 474 5-min segments were available for analysis. We observed concurrent and delayed reductions
in SDNN of about 0.8–1.0% in association with a 5.4 g/m3 increase in PM2.5. However, being in
traffic by car led to an increase of about 20% 10–14 min and 15–19 min later. An increase in PM2.5 or PNC
was associated with lagged decreases for RMSSD and HF. We detected concurrent reductions in RMSSD
(−17.6% [95%-confidence interval: 29.1; −4.3]) when being in traffic by bike/foot. Being in traffic by car
was associated with an immediate reduction in LF while more delayed increases in LF were observed
when being in traffic by bike/foot. Air pollution and traffic effects on HR were less consistent.
These rapid changes in HRV within 30 min might be mediated by the autonomic nervous system in
response to direct reflexes from receptors in the lungs.
© 2013 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.
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