An analogy can illustrate the second issue. Suppose, for example, that Mary
wants to help John to get from his hotel to the beach. She may give him specific
directions based either on the route most people take (the descriptive approach),
or on the route she thinks is best according to some criteria (the normative
approach). These sets of directions, however, may or may not fit John's specific
situation. Moreover, even if they are helpful at a particular time, they may not be
useful to him later, or to other people. A third possibility is to give him a map.
This way John can see the possibilities and choose the one that fits his situation
and preferences at the moment he decides to go to the beach (the formative
approach). For John's situation, Mary might choose any one of the three options.
If it was her responsibility to help the entire hotel clientele year round, however,
her best approach would be to create a map that makes it easy for guests to figure
out how to get to the beach in the most satisfying route to them because a map,
by its very nature, illustrates all the possible routes to the beach. Systems
designers require maps as well, maps that point to the possibilities of information
behaviour in a particular context. It may not be important for designers to know
when a certain person would employ a specific strategy, or what exact
circumstances would motivate the person to this strategy selection. Once they
can see the possible strategies for people in a particular context, they can design a
system that will support such strategies. Clearly, descriptions of a certain
behaviour at a certain time cannot serve as the sole basis for design. It requires
maps of information behaviour.
An analogy can illustrate the second issue. Suppose, for example, that Marywants to help John to get from his hotel to the beach. She may give him specificdirections based either on the route most people take (the descriptive approach),or on the route she thinks is best according to some criteria (the normativeapproach). These sets of directions, however, may or may not fit John's specificsituation. Moreover, even if they are helpful at a particular time, they may not beuseful to him later, or to other people. A third possibility is to give him a map.This way John can see the possibilities and choose the one that fits his situationand preferences at the moment he decides to go to the beach (the formativeapproach). For John's situation, Mary might choose any one of the three options.If it was her responsibility to help the entire hotel clientele year round, however,her best approach would be to create a map that makes it easy for guests to figureout how to get to the beach in the most satisfying route to them because a map,by its very nature, illustrates all the possible routes to the beach. Systemsdesigners require maps as well, maps that point to the possibilities of informationbehaviour in a particular context. It may not be important for designers to knowwhen a certain person would employ a specific strategy, or what exactcircumstances would motivate the person to this strategy selection. Once theycan see the possible strategies for people in a particular context, they can design a
system that will support such strategies. Clearly, descriptions of a certain
behaviour at a certain time cannot serve as the sole basis for design. It requires
maps of information behaviour.
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