Very few microscopic approaches at ultrastructural
level have been conducted on allelopathic effects of extracts
or allelochemicals (Chon and Nelson, 2000; Gra˜na et al., 2013). At
this level, by means of electron microscopy, a study showed that
barley´ıs ∼(Hordeum vulgare) hordenine and gramine allelochemicals
produced damage on cell walls, an increase both in size and
number of vacuoles, autophagy, and disorganization of organelles