In this article, we present the definition, significance, etiology, risk factors, and diagnosis of VAP in infants
and children. We provide background evidence to sup- port the use of intervention and prevention strategies, with some reliance on data from adults, and explain the rationale for use of these strategies in children. We also supply recommendations for a bundled prevention pro- tocol for support of children treated with mechanical ventilation in the PICU, with a focus on suctioning or airway clearance, oral care, and ventilator circuit changes