Ocean Temperatures and Sea Level Rise
It is very likely that anthropogenic forcings have made a substantial
contribution to upper ocean warming (above 700 m)
observed since the 1970s. This anthropogenic ocean warming has
contributed to global sea level rise over this period through thermal
expansion. New understanding since AR4 of measurement errors and
their correction in the temperature data sets have increased the agreement
in estimates of ocean warming. Observations of ocean warming
are consistent with climate model simulations that include anthropogenic
and volcanic forcings but are inconsistent with simulations that
exclude anthropogenic forcings. Simulations that include both anthropogenic
and natural forcings have decadal variability that is consistent
with observations. These